Friday, April 26, 2013

The hidden dangers of legal highs

Over the past five years, the market for legal drugs has skyrocketed. It has never been easier or cheaper to buy drugs online - but nobody knows what's in it and how they are dangerous

For most of the past decade, an average of four or five new legal drugs hit the market every year. Trade was stable - the government's efforts have focused on the fight against the spread of illegal substances. And mephedrone appeared on the scene: in cheap, legal and available online. In 2010, the drug, now called meow meow by journalists, became the fourth most popular drug on the market, after marijuana, cocaine and ecstasy. It was banned in April this year, but not before seeing a new market day for legal highs online. In 2011, researchers discovered 49 new EU legal drugs for sale online. In 2012, we identified 73, hundreds of others were banned

To know how effective laws prohibiting these new drugs, and how easy it is to buy, call a laboratory in northern China, which provides specialized sites legal drugs, and ask the wholesale prices of synthetic cannabis products. A well spoken man apologizes immediately upon hearing my English accent.?. "Sorry, I forgot to send it tomorrow - UK, if" I never talked to him before company is clearly accelerated .

I offer one kilogram of a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist legal (eg, a substitute for marijuana) for just over 1000 pounds. It is active at 1 mg, which means you would have a million doses could legally sell for around ? 25,000. He sent me by courier and there is no danger to the customs in the UK, said cheerfully. In any case, you can put a fake label on the package. If you did, it will return the free drugs. "United Kingdom, no problem."

But synthetic marijuana is only the beginning. Another Chinese laboratory offers to sell me 10 g 25I-NBOME, a psychedelic compound that is part of the series NBOME. These new drugs do not work if taken by mouth, so users diluted and sprayed using inhalers or nasal sprays or liquid drop model and perforated blotter, pass for LSD. Each gram contains a minimum of 2,000 doses, so it is very easy to do too. For comparison, 1 g of MDMA eight to 10 doses. And while LSD is not going to kill, even when taken in excess, these drugs are worrying many expert observers, especially because most of the chips are sold as LSD in the UK now contain a substance NBOME.

June 11, 2012, Christian Bjerk, a 18-year-old from Minnesota, died after taking 25I-NBOME. In less than a year since, U.S. researchers have confirmed five deaths due to drugs. It is currently used by a small number of dedicated experimental drugs, the mortality rate is proportionally higher.

Four days after death Bjerk 17, Elijah Stai, also from Minnesota, died after taking 25I-NBOME, believing that it is a magic mushroom extract. Last July, 25, Stephanie Chappell Hobson died in North Carolina after taking the drug with her boyfriend, Jeremy Leutgens. Voodoo Festival in New Orleans, October 2012, 21 years, Clayton Otwell offered a drop nose 25I-NBOME as a gift from a grateful stranger whose phone has been found. He began to stammer and was taken to a medical tent. He had a heart attack 30 minutes later and died in hospital. In February this year, 17 years, Krystopher Sansone died in Orange County, Florida medical examiner has identified the culprit as a series of drug NBOME, but did not specify what

In the same month, Surrey Police said 18-year-old Charlie Barker Wrecclesham, Farnham, died after attending an illegal party in a tunnel under Chobham Common, where he took a drug - 2CI - through a nasal. 2CI is illegal in the UK, and eat normally consumed by a nasal inhaler. Toxicology reports are not currently available, but you might 25I-NBOME was responsible for the death of Barker, a talented graffiti artist and popular because it is more usual to take.

"Not every series NBOME are harmful," said one user. "But 25I-NBOME is something else. I have reason to believe that high doses or prolonged abuse can cause catastrophic crises, cerebral edema or other severe inflammation of nervous tissue. "

Chris (not his real name), a chemist of 28 years, is considered an expert user: it took more than 40 different legal and illegal in recent years drugs. Recently, however, ended up in the hospital after hard 25I.

"It was not an overdose - I measured correctly and I have a longstanding relationship with my supplier comes very quickly and in five minutes, I am tripping my balls, trying to call friends ... [help], but I could not use the phone while my heart rate up and then I started to panic everything is a snowball and had a 10 - to 15-minute blackout I. .. I was in the street first thing I remember is that it was made by a police officer without knowing why I had my shirt and released me, I was able to m escape and ran shirtless. ambulance arrived and my heart rate was 240bpm. "He was taken to hospital and kept under observation for two days. He survived, but he was very moved.

25I is far from the worst of these new drugs, however, in the summer of 2012, a drug called 5-IT - legal in most European countries and supposedly resembles MDMA - came out. After several months of development, the Swedish health authorities have defended registering its presence in 14 autopsies. It is not clear if users knew what they were taking, or if the drug was misbranded and overdose. What is indisputable is that Sweden, with some laws on the harder drugs in Europe, has an unusually high legal drugs that users buy online mortality. No equivalent data available in the mortality rate in the UK, but again, the legal drug market seems to be booming.

In a small room in Tooting, south London, John Ramsey is responsible for the largest cache of drugs and more varied in the UK. A man surveying 60 years, Ramsey has spent decades collecting more than 27,000 samples of drugs, which has cataloged, labeled and large drawers hidden in meticulously.

"There are about 400 pounds here," Ramsey said, noting some small tablets stamped butterflies collected in a music festival in the UK. "I wonder why off."

Ramsey is a toxicologist and drug researcher at the Faculty of Medicine at St. George. We buy all kinds of legal drugs and web pages and other illegal drug amnesty bins collected outside clubs and festivals. Even urine collected is analyzed in specially designed toilets in nightclubs parks consent "car. Document Repository evolving relationship with psychoactive substances UK over the past three decades. Their organization, TicTac, product database is used by law enforcement professionals and health to identify mystery pills and powders. Like any other drug market is a growing industry.

Ramsey

samples show an evolutionary leap in 2008 first disconcerting, with dozens of species suddenly appear. This is the year where they have been mephedrone first sale in the UK and the EU. The drug is sold online initially fraudulently as "plant food" to avoid laws on food and drugs. He had no horticulture course. It was a cathinone: a drug in the amphetamine family occupying a sweet spot between the bonhomie of ecstasy and cocaine brittle buzz

importantly, it was legal. Hit by the recession in Britain in 2009, when the purity of the cocaine and ecstasy fell almost disappeared after a crackdown in Cambodia (where a key ingredient needed to make was at the time of origin), users have embraced mephedrone. Legality of drugs - or, rather, their comfort and functionality - has attracted hundreds of thousands of users in a few months. It was the first viral narcotic.

"drug mephedrone was perfect, right?" Ramsey said. ".. The people in the water-soluble, non-toxic and highly effective stimulant extremely pleasant, users say, and very profitable for dealers we love Well, still do, actually. - Britain is full of things "

Ramsey was one of the first scientists to discover the chemical formula of mephedrone and is therefore in conflict as any rational observer of drug prohibition. "You can not have stores and websites that sell [Legal Highs] children. But the anti-drug, in many ways, which led to this innovation."

The first death attributed to mephedrone in the UK was that of Gabrielle Price, 14, Worthing, West Sussex, who fell ill at a party where he had taken the drug, with ketamine. In general, it was reported that he had died as a result. However, the report of a medical examiner found the cause of death was bronchial pneumonia following a streptococcal infection, and that drugs had nothing to do.

After mephedrone was banned, traders who got rich quick cast on new legal drugs that can capture the imagination of the nation - and money. In 2010, the underground drug culture online has become commonplace. None of the following mixtures has gained popularity of mephedrone, but the change is made - people looking for online legal drugs - is now permanent. Its meaning is still playing.


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